Journal: BMC Immunology

Article Title: Comparative efficacy of glucocorticoid receptor agonists on Th2 cell function and attenuation by progesterone

doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00383-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: A comparison of prednisolone- and dexamethasone-mediated reduction of type-2 cytokine mRNA levels in primary Th2 cells. Fold differences in mRNA level from corticosteroid (CS) treated cells compared to vehicle are provided ( n = 3). Quantification of IL-13 mRNA following steroid treatment ( a ). Comparison of CS ability to suppress IL-13 ( b ). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) for prednisolone and dexamethasone required to suppress IL-13 mRNA expression ( c ). Quantification of IL-5 mRNA following CS treatment ( d ). Comparison of the ability of either CS to suppress IL-5 ( e ). A comparison of the IC 50 values for prednisolone and dexamethasone required to suppress IL-5 mRNA expression ( f ). Cell counts following culture in vehicle or increasing concentration of prednisolone or dexamethasone ( f ). Data represent mean and standard error. Pred, prednisolone; Dex, dexamethasone.* p < 0.05 determined by one-way ( a , d & g ) or two-way ( b & e ) RM ANOVA or t-test ( c & f )

Article Snippet: Fig. 4 Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ).

Techniques: Comparison, Concentration Assay, Expressing

Journal: BMC Immunology

Article Title: Comparative efficacy of glucocorticoid receptor agonists on Th2 cell function and attenuation by progesterone

doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00383-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: A comparison of prednisolone- and dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM). Data are expressed as percentage of 7AAD + cells ( a ) identifying dead cells. The half maximal dose (EC 50 ) for prednisolone and dexamethasone required to induce necrosis of cells ( b ). Percentage of Annexin V + 7AAD − cells, identifying apoptotic cells ( c ). A comparison of the EC 50 values for prednisolone and dexamethasone required to reach 50% maximal induction of apoptosis in cells ( d ; n = 11). Percentage of Annexin V + 7AAD − primary Th2 cells following treatment with dexamethasone, exhibiting a similar plateau effect as CCRF-CEM at 0.5 μM dexamethasone ( e ; n = 3). Comparison of CS-induced apoptosis in CCRF-CEM as fold-difference over vehicle ( f ). Data represent mean and standard error. Pred, prednisolone; Dex, dexamethasone. * p < 0.05 determined by two-way ( a & c ), t -test ( b & e ) or one-way RM ANOVA ( g )

Article Snippet: Fig. 4 Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: BMC Immunology

Article Title: Comparative efficacy of glucocorticoid receptor agonists on Th2 cell function and attenuation by progesterone

doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00383-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Corticosteroid-induced cell death is dampened by the female sex hormone progesterone. Dexamethasone-induced cell death ( a , % 7AAD + ) and apoptosis ( b , % Annexin V + 7AAD − ) of a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) in the presence or absence of progesterone (2 μM, n = 5). Head-to-head comparison of apoptosis following treatment with prednisolone ( c ) or dexamethasone ( d ) with or without progesterone ( n = 4). The half maximal response (EC 50 ) for dexamethasone and prednisolone in the presence of progesterone ( e ). Influence of progesterone on the maximal response of prednisolone- or dexamethasone-induced apoptosis ( f ). Efficacy of prednisolone vs dexamethasone to induce apoptosis in the presence of prednisolone ( g ). Data represent mean and standard error. Pred, prednisolone; Dex, dexamethasone; Prog, progesterone; Pre, pretreatment. * p < 0.05 determined by one-way ( a - e ) or two-way ( f & g ) RM ANOVA

Article Snippet: Fig. 4 Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ).

Techniques: Comparison

Journal: BMC Immunology

Article Title: Comparative efficacy of glucocorticoid receptor agonists on Th2 cell function and attenuation by progesterone

doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00383-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ). Effect of progesterone with or without dexamethasone on expression of PIBF1 (n = 3, b ) . Progesterone reduced the dexamethasone-mediated increase in FKPB5 mRNA level, but had no effect when applied alone (n = 5, c ). Data represent mean and standard error. * p < 0.05 determined by one-way ANOVA

Article Snippet: Fig. 4 Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ).

Techniques: Expressing, Positive Control

Journal: BMC Immunology

Article Title: Comparative efficacy of glucocorticoid receptor agonists on Th2 cell function and attenuation by progesterone

doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-00383-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: RNA-sequencing of Th2 cells

Article Snippet: Fig. 4 Expression of the nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) is undetectable in a Th2 cell line (CCRF-CEM) and primary Th2 cells, but present in a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7) used as a positive control (n = 3; a ).

Techniques:

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T‐ALL cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.15936

Figure Lengend Snippet: The inhibitory effect of GinA on ALL cell lines.

Article Snippet: Human leukemic cell lines CCRF‐CEM (T‐ALL cell line) and NALM6 (B‐ALL cell line) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran).

Techniques:

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T‐ALL cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.15936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of GinA on (A) CCRF‐CEM and RCCRF‐CEM T‐ALL cell, (B) NALM6 and RN95 B‐ALL cell lines, in addition to (C) normal mononuclear cells. Cells were seeded in 96‐well plates and treated with increasing concentrations of GinA. Subsequently, MTT assays were performed assessing the viability of treated cells with GinA in comparison with cells incubated with the solvent, DMSO. Dotted lines show the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of GinA. Red lines represent CCRF‐CEM and NALM6; green lines represent RCCRF‐CEM and RN95 cell lines. Results are reported as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Human leukemic cell lines CCRF‐CEM (T‐ALL cell line) and NALM6 (B‐ALL cell line) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: Comparison, Incubation, Solvent, Concentration Assay

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T‐ALL cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.15936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Dexa combined with GinA on T‐ALL cell lines. (A, B) CCRF‐CEM and RCCRF‐CEM were seeded into 96 well plates and treated with selected concentrations of Dexa and/or GinA for 72 h. MTT assay showed significant and dose‐dependent negative combinatory effects of GinA on cells viability. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments and each experiment was performed in triplicate. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001. GinA5 = 5 μM GinA.

Article Snippet: Human leukemic cell lines CCRF‐CEM (T‐ALL cell line) and NALM6 (B‐ALL cell line) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: MTT Assay

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T‐ALL cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.15936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Assessment of apoptosis in GinA‐treated CCRF‐CEM cells. CCRF‐CEM cells were seeded in 96‐well plates and incubated with 5 and/or 10 μM GinA for 72 h. Subsequently, cells were stained with (A) dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) or (B, C) Annexin‐V‐PI. (A) Left: untreated cells; right: GinA‐treated cells; Green arrows = live cells; yellow arrows = early apoptotic cells; blue arrows = late apoptotic cells; red arrow = necrotic cell. (C) , late apoptotic cells; , early apoptotic cells; , necrotic cells. Values are the mean ± SEM of two independent experiments and each experiment was performed in duplicate. ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Human leukemic cell lines CCRF‐CEM (T‐ALL cell line) and NALM6 (B‐ALL cell line) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: Incubation, Staining

Journal: Cancer Science

Article Title: GingerenoneA overcomes dexamethasone resistance by activating apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation in pediatric T‐ALL cells

doi: 10.1111/cas.15936

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of GinA on the expression levels of apoptosis and proliferation‐related genes in the CCRF‐CEM cell line. CCRF‐CEM cells were seeded into six‐well plates and treated with 10 μM GinA for 72 h. Untreated cells were used as a control group. Eventually, the total cytoplasmic RNA and cellular proteins were extracted using TRIzol and assessed using (A) real‐time PCR or (B) western blotting. (C) Densitometry was applied for quantification of data. Values are the mean ± SEM of two independent experiments performed in duplicate. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Human leukemic cell lines CCRF‐CEM (T‐ALL cell line) and NALM6 (B‐ALL cell line) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran).

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot